Heater for hot-pipe systems



w. KAHLSSON. V HEATER FOR HOT PIPE SYSTEMS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20, I920- 2 SHEETS-SHEET I. fig z fig 4 Patented Oct. 25, 1921.

W. KARLSSONL HEATER FOR HOT PIPE SYSTEMS.

\PPLICATION FILED MAY 20, 1920.

Patented Oct. 25, 1921.

I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- F 6.

7 99 of Fig. 5.

UNITED STATES PATENT @FFlCE.

WALFRID KARLSSON, 0F WIGGBYHOLM,

NEAR STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR SWEDEN.

HEATER FOR HOT-PIPE SYSTEMS.

Application May 20,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VALFRID KARLssoN, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at ,N-Viggbyholm, near Stockholm, in Sweden, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Heaters for Hot-Pipe Systems, (for which I have filed applications in Sweden, April 1, 1919, and Sweden, April 22, 1920,) of which the following is a specification;

The invention refers to a heater for heating water to be distributed in pipe systems for heating the apartments in a building or for baths, etc., and consists in a pipe-heater of improved construction which is more economic than the pipe-heaters of other types and which removes the difficulties and defects of the latter.

In the drawing, which shows an example, Figurel is front view with the right half of the plate 2 cut away so as to uncover the flues (2124) of the right part of the heater and (the right half of) the furnace and ashchamber.

Fig. 2 shows the left side and Fig. 3 the rear side.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the dot-anddash line of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 shows the upper side.

Fig. 6 is a part of a horizontal section on the dot-and-dash line of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 shows (in section) one of the pipecouplings on a larger scale.

Fig. 8 is a detail elevation of the member m.

Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line Fig. 10 is a detail elevation of the member d. I

"In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 the heat insulation and sheet-covering are partly or totally omitted.

In Figs. 3 and 6 the assembling pipes and the couplings'are omitted.

In Fig. '5 the front plate 29 is omitted.

The heater (in the following description supposed to be used for water) consists of a number of vertical members 14 all of which consist of four vertical pipes 11, 12,

13, 14, and two horizontal pipes 15, 16, which 50 latter connect respectively the upper and the lower ends ofthe former. The most of the members 9, (viz., 0, d, e, 7, g, h, i, j, k) are identical and have six short horizontal pipes 17,18,-19,thrce of which connect the two left Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 25, 1921.

1920/ Serial No. 383,026.

vertical pipes 11, 12 and the other three the two right vertical pipes 13, 14. These short pipes 17, 18, 19, are situated at equal distances from each other and from the two longer horizontal pipes 15, 16 so as to form elght similar openings 21, 22, 23, 24, four on each side of the larger central opening 20 formed between the pipes 12, 13.

The front member ct has only one short horizontal pipe 18 on each side but three short horizontal pipes 25, 26, 27 between the two intermediate vertical pipes 12, 13, one of which is situated close to the upper pipe 15 and two at the center close to each other.

The second member 5 has only one short horlzontal pipe 18 at each side.

The rear member n has only one short horizontal pipe 19 on each side but two (or another number of) vertical pipes 23 on each side connecting said pipe 19 to the upper horizontal pipe 15, and a number of vertical p1pes 29, which connect pipes 15, 16 between the pipes 12, 13. These additional vertical pipes 28, 29 should be placed so close to each other and to the pipes 11, 12, 13, 14 as the possibility of welding will admit.

The members Z, on (adjacent to the rear member) have only two short horizontal plpes 17 and 19 on each side. These two members Z and m differ from all the other members in having no connection between the upper horizontal pipe 15 and the two intermediate vertical pipes 12, 13, said pipes 12, 13 ending at the upper short horizontal pipes 17 as shown in Figs. 4 and 6.

All pipes in each member are watertightly connected by welding so as to communicate with each other.

Each member has an inlet at one end of the lower horizontalpipe 16 and an outlet at the other end of the upper horizontal pipe 15. The inlet or outlet end of said pipes 15, 16 isv extended a trifle beyond the nearest vertical pipe (11 or 14) as shown in Figs. 1, 3, 5.

The inlet (or outlet) consists of a short small pipe 41, which is welded into the open end of pipe 15 (or 16) together with a closing ring 40 (Fig. 7), which fills the space between pipe 15 (or 16) and 41 if the outer diameter of the latter is smaller than the inner diameter of the former. These pipes 41 are omitted in Figs. 3 and 6.

The members are assembled close behind each other as shown and are secured in this assembled position by four horizontal pipes 31, 32, 33, 34, of which 31 serves as common inlet and 32 as common outlet for the odd members a, c, e, g, t, L, m, while 33 serves a common inlet and 34 as common outlet for the other members Z), d, f, it, 3', 'Z, 92.

These assembling pipes 31-34 have short small side pipes or branches 42 corresponding to the pipes 41. Said pipes 41, 42 are threaded outside so as to receive screwcoupling boxes 43, 44 which are connected and pressed to each other by a coupling nut 45 screwed on box 44 and having an inward rim adapted to engage a shoulder on box 43. a packing ring 46 (of lead or the like) being placed between the meeting ends of the boxes 43, 44. The pipes 42 are threaded somewhat conically so that the joint between said pipe 42 and its box 44 is tightened by simply screwing the box on a far as it goes. As the other box 43 should preferably be ad justable so as to adjust the distance between the assembling pipe 32 and the end of pipe 15, the joint between said box 43 and the pipe 41 is tightened by oakum or the like wound on pipe 41 and.pre ssed against the end of box 43 by a clamping nut 47.

By connecting the pipe 32 (and the other pipes 31, 33, 34) to every odd member (as shown in Fig. 5) two advantages are obtained. First: that sufiicient space is left betweenthe nuts 45 for convenient s-rewing and unscrewing. Second: that small differences in the distance between pipe 32 and the pipes 15 will not affect or preventthe tightening as such differences will be compensated by a slight elastic or springy movement of the members when the nuts 45 are tightened, so that even the adjustment of box 43 may be dispensed with.

One end of the pipes 31.34 is closed the other has a flange 50 for coupling the heater to a pipe system. The water may be intro duced at any point of said system,

The rear member 91 serves as rear wall for the heater. The. front wall consists of a plate 72, which is fastened on the front mem :1 ber by bolts 6 welded on said member and entering holes in the plate so that the plate can be tightly pressed to the member by nuts screwed on said bolts.

In the chamber 20, formed by the pipes 12, 13, 15, 16, 29 a grate r is placed about at the height of pipes 19. r The supports ,a for the grate are fastened one on inside of plate 7), the other on pipes '29, bolts being welded on the pipes and passed through holes on. said bolts. 3 v i Between the pipes 11, 12 and between the in the support so as to fix the support by nuts pipes. 13, 14 four flues 21, 22, 23, 24 are formed oneach side of the furnace chamber 20 by the short horizontal pipes. 17, 18, '1

Th uppermos fl e 2 o m cates wit the upper rear part of the furnace 20, the pipes 12, 13 being shorter in members Z, m than in the other members asshown in Figs. 4 and 6. The front end of flue 21 c'ommuni cates with the next flue 22 as the members a and b have no pipes 17. The rear end of the flue 22 communicates with next flue 23, as there are no pipes 18 in the members Z, m. The front end of flue 23 leads to the next flue 24, as members a and b have no pipes 19. The flue 24 opens 011 the rear side of the heater and should be connected to a chimney or the like by a suitable channel (not shown). A spout u of sheet metal inserted in 'the rear end of flues 24 will facilitate such con. nection. r

The hotgases from the furnace 20 enter the rear end ofthe flues 21, as indicated by an arrow in Fig. 6,-and pass successively through the fines 22, 23, 2421s indicated by arrows in Fig. 4, leaving the heater at the rear end ofsaid lines 24.

Owing to the long way or the large sur face the gases have to pass through the heater the heat is absorbed by the members and by the water therein to such a degree that the temperature of the gases when leav ing the heater is very low which means a great saving of fuel. This result may be grate so that the fire is the same at the front and rear end of the furnace. In fact this heater consumes scarcely more than 50% of the amount of fuel required by other heaters of the same capacity. V

The draft is adjustedautomaticallyby a regulator of known construction which is screwed on the top of the front member (at 0) and should be'connected as usual to the draft-valve e on the front'plate p by a chain or the like (not shown). I

The right and left sides and the rear and top of the heater may-be lined with a suitable heat insulating composition and covered by sheet metal as shown.

For convenient cleaning of'the fiues from soot and ashes the plate 79 has two,-s0ot-doors 9, one on each side. The cleaning canbe done when the fire is burning.

If the spouts ware inserted to the central vertical plane of member mas shown in Fig. 4, they will prevent the gases coming from flues 22 to escape through the smallFopenings behind pipes 19 of member m without passing'the fiues 23'and 24. f I

The assembling pipes and the 51 59 0011 though tightly assembled, can be convenientlyremoved and substituted, whenever filesired, Without disturbing the; other mem.

ers.

It isalso obvious that the fines are disposed symmetrlca-lly tothe furnace nd. ha

partly due to the fact that the fuel is burningz g 5 all walls of the furnace chamber and all walls of the fines (except the front wall) consist of pipes containing the fluid (water, air or steam) to be heated and that only one of the flues on each side communicates directly with the furnace and only one with the outlet.

The number of fiues may be varied by using a lesser or larger number of short horizontal pipes between the pipes 11-12 and between the pipes 13ll. By such variation you can adapt the heater to the draft available in the chimney. Or if the draft is too poor you can increase it by a fan 'or the like.

Though I have shown in the example only three horizontal pipes 25, 26, 27 between the vertical pipes 1213 of the front member, it is obvious that any number of such pipes may be used provided that sufiioient space is left for admission to the furnace and the ashchamber. The number of members ab and Zm may vary with the width of the fines.

Claims: I

1. A heater for pipe systems, consisting of a set of members assembled to form a furnace in the center and a set of communicating fines on each side of the furnace; each member consisting of four vertical pipes and two horizontal pipes of at least the same length as the member and one or more pairs of short horizontal pipes connecting the vertical pipes into pairs, the short horizontal pipes of the intermediate members being more in number than those of the front and rear members so as to form communicating fiues, the uppermost of which communicates with the furnace and the lowermost with the chimney or outlet.

2. Heater. composed of members assembled in contact with each other, each member consisting of four vertical pipes disposed symmetrically and two horizontal pipes of the length of the member, and one or more pairs of shorter horizontal pipes connecting the vertical pipes, the intermediate members having three such pairs While one or more rear members have only two pairs and one or more front members only one pair, so as to form eight fiues, four on each side of the furnace, the intermediate vertical pipes of one or more rear members being shorter than the other so as to form a communication from the furnace to the uppermost flue on each side.

3. Heater as stated in claim 2 and having additional vertical pipes in the rear member so as to form a rear wall of the heater, said wall having two outlets for connection with the chimney.

4:. Heater as stated in claim 2 and having additional horizontal pipes between the intermediate vertical pipes in the front memher.

5. A heater composed of members assembled in contact with each other, each member consisting of four vertical pipes disposed symmetrically and two horizontal pipes of the length of the member, and one or more pairs of shorter horizontal pipes connecting the vertical pipes, the intermediate members having three such pairs while one or more rear members have two pairs and one or more front members have one pair, so as to form eight flues, four on each side of the furnace, the intermediate vertical pipes of one or more rear members being shorter than the other so as to form a communication from the furnace to the uppermost flue on each side, the extreme rear member having additional pipes to form a rear wall of the heater, said wall having therein two outlets for connection with the chimney, and having a shell or spout in each outlet.

WALFRID KARLSSON.

Witnesses:

L. RownLL, NILs LUNDBERZ. 

